Bones
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Important Landmarks
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Articulations
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Image
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ulna (medial side)
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-trochlear notch (semilunar notch)
-olecranon process -coroniod process -radial notch -ulnar tuberosity -head -styloid process -interosseous border |
-trochlear notch is bounded by the olecranon and coronoid processes and articulates with the trochlea of the humerus (humeroulnar joint)
-ulnar tuberosity allows for attachment of the brachialis muscle -head articulates with the distal ulnar notch of the radius (inferior radioulnar joint) -styloid process is on the dorsomedial aspect and allows for attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist -interosseous border is medial and allows for attachment of the interosseous memberane (middle radioulnar joint) |
(Drake et al., 2005, pg. 669-670, 688-690)
radial collateral
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-reinforces the humeroradial and proximal radioulnar joints
-supports flexion and extension movements of the elbow |
-extends from the inferior aspect of the lateral epicondyle and merges at the insertion with the annular ligament
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ulnar (medial/lateral) collateral
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-reinforce the humeroulnar joint
-support the flexion and extension movements of the elbow |
-extends from the inferior posterior aspect of the medial epicondyle to the ulna
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(Drake et al., 2005, pg. 681-682)
Nerves
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Location
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Function
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Image
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**nerves in the anterior compartment of the forearm include the median, ulnar and the superficial branch of the radial nerve
(Drake et al., 2005, pg. 699-700, 726-727)
(O'Neill, 2008, pg.64, 70)
(O'Neill, 2008, pg.64, 70)
Tendons
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Origin
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Insertion
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Image
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biceps tendon
brachialis
common extensor (posterior/dorsal surface) common flexor (on the anterior/palmar/volar surface)
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-see shoulder anatomy
-anterior surface of the humerus
Origin at Wrist -originate off of the lateral epichondyle of the humerus as well as the posterior surfaces of the radius and ulna and insert into the hand
-originate off of the medial epicondyle of the humerus as well as the anterior surface of the radius and ulna and insert into the hand
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Function
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** muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm flex the wrist and digits and pronate the hand, muscles in the posterior compartment extend the wrist and digits and supinate the hand
(Drake et al., 2005, pg. 693-705)
(O'Neill, 2008, pg. 83-84)
(O'Neill, 2008, pg. 83-84)
Other Anatomy
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Function
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Image
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olecranon bursa
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-covers the proximal and posterior surfaces of the olecranon process and acts as a fluid cushion
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bicipitoradial bursa
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-located between the distal tendon of the biceps brachii muscle and the anterior part of the radial tuberosity within the cubital fossa
-it partially or completely wraps around the biceps tendon and ensures a frictionless motion between the bicets tendon and the proximal radius during supination -with pronation the radius rotates posteriorly and causes compression on the bursa between the biceps tendon and radial tuberosity |
synovial membrane of elbow joint
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-originates from the edges of the articular cartilage and lines the radial, coronoid and olecranon fossa's, as well as the deep surface of the deep surface of the joint capsule and the medial surface of the trochlea
-it is covered by a fibrous membrane that attaches to the medial epicondyle and the margins of the olecranon, coronoid, and radial fossae of the humerus as well as it attaches the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna -between the synovial membrane and fibrous capsule lie fat pads overlying the coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa and the radial fossa |
(Drake et al., 2005, pg. 680-681, )